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How To Buy The Right Size Water Heater

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The correct sized water heater will operate efficiently while meeting all of the hot water needs for your household. Therefore, before you buy a water heater, make certain it’s the proper size first.

In this article we will be discussing how to size the following systems:

Tankless water heaters (demand-type)
Solar Water Heating System
Heat Pump (with tank) And Storage Water Heaters

Replacement Water HeaterFor sizing space heating and combination water systems – which includes some indirect water heaters, tankless coil water heaters and heat pump systems – speak with a qualified contractor.

If you still haven’t decided what kind of water heater may be the best one for your house, keep reading to learn more about choosing a new water heater.

How To Size A Demand-Type Or Tankless Water Heater

The ratings for demand-type or tankless water heaters are based on the maximum temperature rise at a certain flow rate. So in order to determine the correct size for a demand water heater, you will first need to determine the temperature rise and flow rate that is needed for its application (remote application like a just a bathroom or an entire house) in your home.

First of all, list how many hot water devices you are expecting to use at one point in time. Next, add their flow rates up (gallons per minute). That gives you the desired flow rate for a demand water heater. For instance, say you are expecting to run simultaneously a shower head having a 2.5 gallon per minute flow rate and hot water faucet having a 0.75 gallon per minute flow rate. The demand water heater’s flow rate would have to be 3.25 gallons per minute at least. Install low-flow water fixtures in order to reduce flow rates.

In order to calculate temperature rise, incoming water temperature needs to be subtracted from desired output temperature. Assume an incoming water temperature of 50 degrees F (10 degrees C) unless you have more accurate information. For a majority of uses, you are going to want the water to heat to 120 degrees F (49 degrees C). In our example, your demand water heater will need to produce a 70 degree F (39 degree C) temperature rise for a majority of uses. For applications like dishwashers that don’t have internal heaters, you may want to heat your water to 140 degrees F (60 degrees C). In this case, you are going to need to have a 90 degree F (50 degree C) temperature rise.

A majority of demand water heaters have been rated for various inlet temperatures. Usually it is possible to have a 70 degree F (39 degree C) water temperature rise at a 5 gallon per minute flow rate through a gas-fired demand water heat, and through electric ones at 2 gallons per minute. Cooler inlet temperatures or faster flow rates at times can reduce water temperature at the faucet that is the farthest away. Some kinds of tankless water heaters are controlled by a thermostat. Their output temperature can be varied according to inlet temperature and water flow rate.

How To Size A Solar Water Heating System

To size a solar water heating system involves figuring out the storage volume and total collector area you will need for meeting 90% to 100% of the hot water needs of your household during the summer. Computer programs and worksheets are used by solar system contractors to help with determining collector sizing and system requirements.

Collector Area

RightSizeWaterHeaterUsually contractors follow a 20 square feet (or 2 square meters) guideline for a collector area for each of the initial two family members. Then for each additional individual, 8 square feet (or 0.7 square meters) is added for residents within the Sun Belt area of the U.S. or 12-14 square feet for northern U.S. residents.

Storage Volume

Usually a small storage tank (50-60 gallon) is sufficient for one to three individuals. A medium storage tank (80 gallon) is suitable for three or four individuals. For four to six individuals a large tank is needed.

For an active system, the solar storage tank size increases along with the collector size – usually 1.5 gallons for every square foot of collector. It helps prevent your system from overheating at times when there is low demand for hot water. In sunny, warm climates, it is suggested by some experts that this ratio should be increase by up to 2 gallons storage to a collector area of 1 square foot.

Other Calculations

Some of the other calculations that are involved in getting your solar water heating system sized include determining the proper tilt and orientation of the solar collector and evaluating the solar resources of your building site. For more about these calculations, visit our solar water heaters page.

How To Size Heat Pump (With Tank) And Storage Water Heaters

In order to correctly size your home’s storage water heater – including a heat pump water heater that comes with a tank – the first hour rating on the water heater should be used. This first hour rating is how many gallon of hot water can be supplied per hour by the heater (beginning with a tank that is full of hot water). This will depend on what the capacity of the tank is, the size of the element or burner and the source of heat (element or burner).

The first hour rate is listed on the EnergyGuide label located in the top left hand corner as either first hour rating or Capacity. The EnergyGuide label is required by the Federal Trade Commission for all new conventional storage water heaters. However, they aren’t required for heat pump water heaters. The manufacturer’s product literature might also supply you with the first hour rating. Search for a water heater model that comes with a first hour rating matching within 1 to 2 galls of what your peak hour demand is – which is your home’s 1-hour daily peak hot water demand.

Estimating Peak Hour Demand:

Figure out what time (morning, afternoon or evening) of day that your home uses the most hot water. Remember to consider how many people reside in your house.

Use our worksheet to estimate maximum hot water usage during that one hour – that is the peak hour demand. Just note that daily total hot water usage is not estimated by the worksheet.

In our worksheet example, the total peak hour demand is 36 gallons. That means that the household will need to have a water heat model that has a 34 to 38 gallon first hour rating.

Detecting A Silent Toilet Leak

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The plumbing system is one of the most important systems in a home or business. They need to be properly maintained or major problems may occur. One of the most problematic plumbing problems is a leaky toilet, which can waste a lot of water and lead to higher water bills.

Signs that your toilet is leaking include your toilet making sounds when it’s not running or you have to press on the handle in order to empty the tank. Other signs include water running down the toilet’s sides, even when it’s flushing or the toilet runs even though you are not pressing down on the handle. In order to diagnose a silent toilet leak, you can run a number of tests, which will be discussed throughout the rest of this article.

1. You can perform a dye test, and you can purchase dye from a water company or your local plumbing supply company. The dye is usually read and once you have the dye, you can conduct your test, which will involve removing the water tank and then removing any substance that may be causing the water to turn a different color. In other words, make sure the water is clear, and then you can put in the dye. After you have place the dye into the toilet, you’ll want to wait for 30 minutes and then you’ll want to see if the water has turned the same color as the dye because if it does, then the chances are you do have a silent toilet leak.

2. Another test you can do is to shut the water off at the pipe that connects to your toilet. Do this before you go to bed in the evening. When you wake up in the morning, you’ll want to see if the water is level because if it’s not, then you are probably dealing with a leaky toilet.

Toilet leaks can result in losing very large volumes of water, which is not a good thing. As for what some of the reasons for a leaky toilet are, they include having a flapper or ball that is worn out or a damaged gasket. Other reasons include a damaged seat or an overflow tube that has been cracked or damaged. Another reasons is you may need a new washer for a ballcock.

It is hard to see or hear a silent leaky toilet, and this is why many people don’t know if they have a leak. It’s not until they have spent more money on their water bill that they realize they have a silent leak, and this is why you should test for silent leaks on a regular basis. There are many benefits of testing for leaks, with one being you can save money on water bills and you can ensure that your unit is working properly.

The best thing to do is to find a local plumber, as they can detect silent leaks for you and make repairs. With that said, contact the pros at Chicago YourPlumber-IL. The company serves the Chicago Metro Area and they can help you with your plumbing problems, so contact them today and tell them what your plumbing issue is and they will fix it as soon as possible.


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5 Different Ways To Unclog a Shower Drain

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Every household has its moments when it comes to unclogging the shower drain pipe. You are taking your shower, enjoying the warm water and relaxing, and suddenly you find that the water is rising around your feet and ankles. It appears that the drain is clogged, but it does not have to be an insoluble problem, and it is not.

Open Shower Pipe DrainActually, clogged drains in the shower are a very common incident, because they are becoming clogged every time that we take a shower. Accumulations of dead skin, soap, shampoo, oil, scum and hair are all the culprits, even as nasty as it sounds, it is inevitable. Every time we take a shower these items are going to flow down our drain and at some point in time they will reach a concentration where the drain will become clogged.

Instead of running to the phone to call the plumber or the rooter man every time the shower drain gets clogged, here is a listing of ways to unclog the shower drain that you should attempt first. These are enough alternatives to handle up to 90 percent of your shower drain problems, but for the remainder of problems that are not solvable, feel free to call us at Sewer TV and we will be happy to give you some more ideas.

TOP 5 Methods

Using The Plumber Method To Unclog Your Shower Drains

In many cases, using a plunger is your best first response, as it is also a good way to unclog a toilet too. One tip is to spread a small amount of petroleum jelly around the edge of the plunger in order to get a tighter seal. It is also necessary to cover up any drains or openings that are overflow drains with tape or a wet wash rag. Give the plunger a good 10 to 15 plunges, and keep checking to see if your efforts are getting anything loose.

Use the Coat Hanger Method

Take the cover off the drain with a screwdriver, and look down into the drain with a flashlight. In many cases you will be able to see the mound of hair and debris, which you can easily pull out with the edge of the coat hanger made into a hook.

Use Vinegar and Baking Soda To Unclog The Drain

Take about 3/4 cups of baking soda and pour it into the drain, and then follow with the same amount of white vinegar. Once all of the ingredients are poured into the drain, cover the drain with a wet, wadded up washrag to ensure maximum action by the baking soda/vinegar solution. This will take more time, about 3 hours, but it will create a foaming action which will move things along nicely in most cases.

Use a Plumber’s Snake

These devices can be picked up at just about any hardware store and are good for stubborn and hard to reach clogs. The can be as much as 25 feet or so in length and they usually come with a hand crank to turn the snake as it goes into the drain. They are simply a long, wound wire which is flexible and will make it around and through bends in the pipe. If you can get to the clog with this apparatus, you will usually be able to move the clog along down the pipe.

Use Chemicals To Unblock The Drain

If none of the methods that have been mentioned works, you can go to the hardware store and purchase a chemical drain cleaner such as Drano or Liquid Plumber. These items are usually sulphuric acid or a similar caustic substance that is designed to dissolve the materials that are clogging up the drain. You should be very careful when using these products and wear goggles and rubber gloves.

If none of these methods are successful, then you will have to break down and call a professional plumber, as the problem may be more serious and you might need a more knowledgeable approach to the matter.

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What You Should Know About a Clogged Toilet Drain.

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One of the best ways to determine if you have a clogged toilet is to look at the water level in your toilet. If it rises above the normal level when it is flushed, the toilet is probably clogged. To prevent an overflow from occurring, remove the lid of the toilet’s tank and close the toilet’s flush valve manually. Push the flapper or ball stopper closed. Most clogs occur when toilet paper or items get stuck in the toilet trap. A total blockage can cause the toilet to overflow while a partial clog can cause the toilet to drain slowly. Continue reading to learn how to unclog a toilet.

A plunger is one of the easiest ways to unclog a toilet. Remove the water from the bowl, leaving only enough to cover the cup of the plumber. For best results, use a flange plunger. This plunger will have a cup that will fit into the hole at the bottom of the toilet. Place the plunger over the drain opening and vigorously plunge the toilet 10 times. On the last plunge, quickly pull the plunger up. If this does not free the clog contact a plumbing professional because excess plunging can damage the wax ring, which can result in larger plumbing issues.

If you can remove a clog with a plunger, you can use a closet auger to try to remove the clog. A closet auger can be purchased at a home improvement store for around $50. Insert the auger bend in the drain opening and carefully push the cable into the toilet trap. Turn the handle on the auger clockwise to push the cable through the trap. If it becomes difficult to turn the handle, pull the auger back slightly and try again until you reach the clog. Continue rotating and pulling back until you notice the water is lower. Clogs are typically broken up using this technique. When the water lowers, fill a bucket with water and pour a the water into the toilet to see if it goes down easily. If it does, flush the toilet to clear all remnants of the clog.

If this technique does not work, it is time to call in a professional. Never use drain cleaners in a toilet. These products can damage the pipes and are not effective in toilet clogs. Most often, if a clog cannot be cleared using a plunger or an auger, the blockage is located further into the drainage system, such as the main drain line or in the vent stack.

Another reason to avoid using caustic acid-based drain cleaners is that the chemicals in these products can dissolve the wax ring located on the bottom of your toilet. The wax ring creates a seal between the toilet and the drain lines. When this ring becomes damaged, the toilet may leak and noxious and dangerous septic fumes can enter the house.

If your drains are clogged, our team of professionals will give you a free quote. Professional plumbers have the skill and the tools necessary to unclog your drain and repair any damage to your drain line.

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5 Effective Steps For Unclogging Your Bathroom Sink

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Noticing a clogged drain in the bathroom is never a treat so without having to call the local plumber, what is one to do? As the professionals know, there are many ways to actually unclog a drain so we’ve put together a short guide here on effective methods to quickly unclog a bathroom sink. There are five in total and for convenience, we have even put it in difficulty order. Start with the first one and work your way down till the drain is finally cleared. These same methods work just as well for kitchen sinks with some minor differences but feel free to give them a try there too. So let’s explore these methods in more detail.

1: The Plunging Method

Unblock Your Bathroom SinkMost clogged drains, especially a new one, can effectively be opened through using a simple plunger. For bathroom sinks, consider using the specially made shorter plungers as it allows for easier movement for higher positioned sinks. They also come with a smaller cup so you get a secure suction on the drain opening. More times than not, a plunger will be effective enough to dislodge the problem and let water move freely again, clearing the whole problem entirely. Slow drains may indicate a more serious issue that will need more of the following techniques to get to the problem.

2: Metal Coat Hanger Method

This simple tool, modified by straightening out an everyday coat hanger is every effective to unclog a bathroom sink. By fashioning out a little hook on the end, one can normally fish out even the most stubborn of debris. Before you begin this method, try to shine a light if you are able, to identify any offenders such as clumps of hair. This just will make it easier for you to find something to hook up to and pull. Some modern styled sinks do have drains covers that make this difficult so modifying the hook to allow it to slip through is what you have to do. The plunger method used in tandem with this is a very effective technique since the plunger helps to bring the source of the clog more into view or at the very least, into the range of the coat hanger hook.

3: The Trusty Plumber Snake

The plumber’s auger, or better known as the plumber snake is just like the crude coat hanger in application, but specially designed for dealing with clogged drains as it is made of much more flexible cable material. With longer lengths ranging from 2 feet to more than 6 feet, it can reach much further than any coat hanger can. Also, there is a hand crank at the end which allows one to drill into a clog to bust through, or allow the end to attach to something to make it easier for retrieval.

4: Household Baking Soda With Vinegar

One wouldn’t know it but simple household supplies such as baking soda and vinegar mixed together can make an effective solution to break up that clogged drain. Only reason it wasn’t mentioned sooner in this list is because it takes time to work. Pouring this mixture of equally portioned baking soda and vinegar, basically one to one, and waiting a few hours to break down the offending clog can be an adequate method. After some time, flush the drain with some hot water to see if it has worked.

5: Drain Pipe Removal

Lastly, if all the above methods still fail to solve the issue, one has to take the plunge and remove the sink elbow joint. Located right below, most sinks will have this connection as it was designed to capture valuables before they slip away completely down the drain. Issue is they are also prone to building up clogs by capturing hair and other unwanted debris over time. Take all the precautions before proceeding with this method such as placing a bucket to capture the water left in the drain as well as having the proper tools like a wrench. Remove the elbow joint and identify if the clog is there. If not, use the plumber snake from this point as you can reach further down and more than likely find the root issue.

Hopefully these methods described worked for your situation. More serious problems will definitely need the services of a professional, but we hope it won’t come to that!

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Simple Steps to Unclog a Kitchen Sink

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You can easily use the following tips to unblock a kitchen sink and prevent clogs from returning. Clogged drains can put a halt to whatever it is you have planned for your day whether they occur in the kitchen, the bathtub, or a toilet.

Clear a clogged kitchen sink pipe drain

Clear a clogged kitchen sink pipe drain

You probably know that there are plenty of chemicals available at local stores which will help unclog a drain in a hurry. These chemicals can be great at removing a clog fast, but they can actually lead to larger backups in the future. In addition to this, these products are harsh and can damage your pipes. Try these home remedies for a clogged drain instead.

1. Boil water and pour the boiling water down the drain. Add salt and it will help break up the clog.

2. Take some baking soda and some white vinegar and pour them into the drain together. They will foam up and power through the clog. Add boiling water for stubborn clogs.

3. Try making use of an auger, which is a small drain snake. This is a long coil of metal with a hook or bristles on the end. Feed it carefully into the drain and use the end to push through the clog.

4. Use a plunger. If there is no standing water in the sink add some to help give the plunger better suction.

Once you get the clog removed, here are some tips to avoiding clogs in the future. You do not need to be a professional plumber to take care of maintaining your drains and preventing clogs.

1. Cover all drains with strainers. These inexpensive items made of plastic or metal keep hair and food particles from entering the pipes and causing clogs.

2. Run hot water down the drain when done. Hot water will wash away fresh buildup and keep it flowing through the drain instead of settling on the sides of the pipes.

3. Use handfuls of baking soda and hot water to clean your drains on a regular basis. Baking soda keeps the pipes clean and also helps keep them free of odors.

If none of the above remedies work, you may need to remove the drain pipe and remove the clog by hand. Clogs often from in a U-shaped piece of pipe called the P-trap. This piece often has a nut on either end. Place a bucket under the P-trap, twist off the nut and remove the clog.

If you have metal pipes, you will want to use a wrench to twist off the nuts before clearing the clog. If any clog proves to be too large or difficult for you to handle yourself, contact a local plumber for help.

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How To Clean Up Your Bathroom Sink And Rid It Of Black Stuff

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How To Clean Up Your Bathroom Sink And It Of Black Stuff

Over the course of time black sludge builds up in your sink drain. Particles of old toothpaste long ago washed down the drain alongside bits of hair and other particles begin to bind together to form this black sludge. In short, it’s molding.

Bathroom Sink Blocked with Black StuffTo rid your sink of this mold, you’re going to need to gather a few tools and roll up your sleeves. You’ll need the following:

1 plunger
1 Cup of Baking Soda
1 Cup White Distilled Vinegar
1 Pipe Snake
1 Gallon of Boiling Water

Bring 1/2 gallon of water to a boil and pour it into your drain. The sudden shock of the boiling water will frequently break the sludge and clog up enough to plunge it down the drain.

Now take your plunger and place it over the drain and apply pressure. This should help to break things loose and force the clog further down the drain.

Now take your 1 cup of baking soda and pour it into the drain. It’s going to clean, freshen and deodorize the drain. Allow this to sit for at least five minutes.

Now take your 1 cup of white distilled vinegar and pour it down over the top of the baking soda. These will work together to help freshen and deodorize the drain. Now cover the drain and allow them to sit for awhile.

Pour the last 1/2 gallon of boiling water over this after it has been allowed to sit for a time.

If your drain still seems sluggish, get the pipe snake out and run it through the drain to completely dislodge any remaining clogs or debris.

Repeat this as required to keep your drain running smoothly and smelling fresh. You’re using all natural ingredients that aren’t hard on the environment or your health.

Unclogging the Drain
Pour 1 cup of distilled white vinegar down the drain onto the baking soda. Cover the drain so the ingredients can work their way down through the pipe. The white vinegar and baking soda will create a foaming reaction, which will work its way down the pipe to disinfect and break apart the sludge, rinsing it down the drain with little work required. Both the vinegar and baking soda work as deodorizers, which will also eliminate the foul odor in the drain caused by the sludge. Read entire article here

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Avoid a Kitchen Sink Clogged with Grease

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It may happen by accident. After cooking a batch of bacon, a tiny amount of grease slips out of a pan and into the sink drain. Perhaps the intent was to dump the grease into another container first and then rinse the pan under the tap, but instead, it went right down the drain.

The problems with this can happen even to those who have good grease etiquette. That is, instead of letting a kitchen sink get clogged with grease, a person actively works to drain pans with grease into jars or into the trash.

Stoppedup-Kitchen drain with greaseRestaurants and homes are among the biggest offenders when it comes to pouring grease down the drain. The bigger problem comes when that gunk travels into sewers and heads towards wastewater plants.

In their travels, these bits of grease form into cave-like substances known as stalactites. These substances can cause sewer systems to back up and overflow creating a serious environmental hazard.

A team of researchers at North Carolina State University are observing these substances. They hope to be able to find out more about how they build up and break down chemically so that policies can be implemented in large cities where this problem of grease build-up is most prevalent.

In the meantime, most any restaurant owner or home dweller will want to take care to keep from having a kitchen sink stopped up with grease on their hands. As often as possible, always dump grease or fat runoff from cooked meats into jars. These can be reused to cook some foods again.

Another option for avoiding a kitchen sink clogged with grease is to simply dump the grease into the trash. Restaurants must adhere to grease control rules that are in place in various local communities. It should be noted that some residue may still end up in the sewer as pans are washed.

Greasy discharges

The grease in question comes from households and restaurants. Citizens are routinely asked to dispose of their cooking grease, oil and fat in the trash instead of the sink, but even in the most conscientious households, some usually manages to slip out with the wash water.

“People try to discharge their oil and grease properly, but over time, you can get a fair amount of oil and grease from washing pots, pans and dishware,” Ducoste told LiveScience. “The cumulative impact could be substantial. It’s that long-term consistent discharge of that oil and grease, even if it’s a small amount at a time, which could lead to problems.”
The problem gets worse in areas with high populations or large numbers of restaurants. Ultimately, Ducoste said in a statement, “if we know how — and how quickly — these deposits form, it may provide scientific data to support policy decisions related to preventing sewer overflows.Read Whole Article Here“

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Toilet Flange Repair – How To

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The toilet is, of course, an important and sensitive part of any place inhabited by humans. It is therefore, important to learn how to maintain and repair a toilet; including a toilet flange repair. A leaking toilet is not only an inconvenience but an eyesore and a health hazard. When a toilet flange breaks, the toilet is likely to leak and make matters worse.

How Does a Toilet Flange Work?

Repair Windy city Toilet TankThe flange sports a metallic or plastic ring used to hold the toilet fastened to the floor. If this ring breaks, it may well signal you to stop using the toilet. The flange is used to hold the toilet in place so as to maintain the sealed vents. If the flange is broken, it means that your toilet will start rocking. Once this begins, you soon discover that the wax ring also breaks. This is the onset of the toilet inconvenience in your premises because water starts leaking from the spaces around the base of your toilet. Generally, although fixing a broken flange isn’t easy, it is possible. The best solution is to purchase flange rings that you can use to cover the whole area of the flange. Once you have these, push the new flanges to merge in with the ones already there.

Repair Process – Step By Step

i. Stop any water flow to the toilet flush tank by turning off the facet. Flush out any water in the tank until its empty. Unscrew the whole toilet from its flange using a wrench and set it on the side; preferably on a soft surface such as a cloth, rug or newspaper.
ii. Scrub off the old wax from the base surface of the flange. A paint scraper can do a good job at this. Assess the damage and decide whether to use a flange replacement push-in or whether a repair plate will do.
iii. Remove the screws from the repair plate with a screw driver. Use a slot screw driver in prying up the broken track so that you can slide the plate.
iv. Align the tracks of the flange and the repair plate. Drive in the screws into the same holes they were so that they hold the repair plate and the flange
v. If you are set to repair the flange with a ring, leave it fastened to the subfloor by the screws. Now, put the ring on the old flange, align the inserted tracks and fasten the ring onto the subfloor via the screw holes offset.
vi. Make sure you that you uproot the old ring by use of the replacement flange. This can be done by firstly unscrewing it and cutting across using a hacksaw. Separate the ring from the flange by use of slot screw driver
vii. Insert the replacement the opening of the flange and push it down until you see it flush with the toilet floor. Fasten it to the floor with the old screws you removed from the broken ring.
viii. Now, attach the heads of your toilet closet bolts to the lower side of the plate repaired. Place fresh wax on the opening of the flange. Replace your toilet and fasten it to the flange. Return the water horse in its place and turn the water back on. Your toilet flange repair process is over now.

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